Most Asked DevOps Interview Questions
Here we have compiled the most probable DevOps interview questions asked in the industry. You will learn about software version control, Git repository, reverting a commit in Git, Vagrant, continuous testing elements, and the importance of continuous integration, testing, and deployment. These questions are curated after discussing with many interviewers and DevOps Training experts.
DevOps Tools
Interview Questions
281. Explain the concept of Terraform workspaces and how they can be used to manage multiple environments (e.g., development, staging, production).
Terraform workspaces are a feature that lets you manage different environments, like development, staging, and production, within the same Terraform configuration. Each workspace maintains its own state, allowing you to deploy and manage infrastructure configurations independently for each environment. This helps organize and isolate changes, making it easier to manage multiple environments efficiently.
282. How can you customize or extend providers to support additional resources or functionalities?
You can customize or extend Terraform providers by creating custom plugins using the provider's SDK. These plugins add new resources, data sources, or functionalities tailored to your needs.
283. Describe the difference between local and remote provisioners in Terraform. Provide an example use case for each.
Local provisioners execute commands on the machine where Terraform is run, typically used for local tasks like installing software on a machine. Remote provisioners execute commands on resources after creation, useful for configuring settings or installing software on a provisioned resource like a server.
284. How can you manage secrets and sensitive information more securely in Terraform, especially in a collaborative environment?
You can manage secrets and sensitive information securely in Terraform by using external secret management systems, storing secrets as environment variables, restricting access to sensitive data, and avoiding committing secrets to version control.
285. What is the purpose of Terraform state locking, and how does it prevent conflicts when multiple users are making changes to the infrastructure concurrently?
Terraform state locking prevents conflicts by ensuring that only one user can modify the state file at a time. This prevents concurrent modifications and maintains the integrity of the state, preventing data corruption and conflicts when multiple users are working on the same infrastructure concurrently.
286. Explain the significance of the count and for_each meta-arguments in Terraform, and provide scenarios where each is more appropriate to use.
Count meta-argument: Allows you to create a fixed number of resource instances based on a numeric value. It's suitable when you know the exact number of instances needed beforehand, like creating a specific number of virtual machines in a cluster.
For_each meta-argument: Enables you to create multiple resource instances based on a map or set of strings. It's useful when the number of instances is dynamic or based on variable input, such as creating DNS records for different domain names specified in a map.
287. How can you handle dynamic configuration or varying resource counts in Terraform, especially when dealing with auto-scaling groups or variable workloads?
To handle dynamic configuration or varying resource counts in Terraform, especially with auto-scaling groups or variable workloads, you can use Terraform's count meta-argument to dynamically create multiple instances of a resource based on a numeric value or for_each meta-argument to create instances based on a map or set of strings. These features allow you to scale resources up or down automatically based on workload demands or changing conditions.
288. Describe the differences between Terraform provisioners and modules. When would you choose one over the other?
| Terraform provisioners execute scripts or commands on remote resources during or after resource creation. They're used for tasks like bootstrapping or configuration management. | Terraform modules are reusable collections of Terraform configurations representing a set of related resources. They promote modularity and reusability. |
